Down syndrome affects not just chromosome 21 but impacts gene expression across the entire genome, alters how genes are epigenetically regulated and spatially organized, causes long-lasting brain inflammation, and disrupts cellular metabolism. These interconnected changes influence brain development and function, but new therapies targeting these areas offer hope for improved cognition and health.

Discover how reduced neurogenesis shapes early brain development in Down syndrome. Learn how fewer neurons and altered timing impact cognition, memory, and learning—and why its important for families to understand these changes and pursue early intervention.